Look for a low VOC adhesive.  I’m assuming you will need one specifically for glass/windshields, correct?  Here is one I found by searching for low VOC windshield adhesive. I didn’t do an exhaustive search, this is just one that came up.  Also, I can’t tell you if you will react to it or not, as people with MCS have individual reactions.  I can simply point you to materials with lower toxicity.

Most adhesives are designed to off-gas quickly.  Heat will speed up the off-gassing.  You can try putting space heaters to the window for a few days.  If you do this in your garage, I would stay out of it until the bake-out is complete and then air it out.  Make sure your garage has a good seal from the main house.  Alternatively, you could leave the car outside with the windows open for a few weeks.